| Politics | | Party | Indian National Congress |
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| Political Journey | - Tharoor's Career in the United Nations started in 1978 as a staff member of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Geneva.
- He was head of the UNHCR office in Singapore from 1981 until 1984.
- In 1989, he was appointed as the special assistant to the Under-Secretary-General for Special Political Affairs, the unit that later became the Peacekeeping Operations wing in New York.
- Tharoor was appointed the director of communications and special projects and executive assistant to the then Secretary-General Kofi Annan in 1996.
- He became Under-Secretary-General for Communications and Public Information, and as Head of the Department of Public Information (UNDPI) in 2001.
- In 2006, the Government of India nominated Shashi Tharoor for the post of UN Secretary-General. Tharoor finished second, behind Ban Ki-moon.
- On 9 February 2007, Tharoor resigned from the post of UN Under-Secretary-General and left the United Nations on 1 April 2007.
- In the 2009 Indian General Elections, Tharoor was the MP candidate for Congress Party from Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. Tharoor won the election by a margin of about 100,000.
- In the Govt. of Manmohan Singh, he was sworn in as Minister of State for External Affairs, in charge of Africa, Latin America, and the Gulf on 28 May 2009.
- In May 2014, Tharoor was re-elected from Thiruvananthapuram, defeating O. Rajagopal of the Bharatiya Janata Party by a margin of around 15,000 votes, and got the membership of the 15th Lok Sabha, sitting in Opposition. He was named Chairman of the Parliamentary Standing Committee on External Affairs.
- Shashi Tharoor was removed from the post of Congress spokesperson on 13 October 2014 after he praised his party's opponent, Narendra Modi.
- In the 2019 Lok Sabha Elections, he won from Thiruvananthapuram.
- In October 2022, he contested the Congress party’s presidential polls; however, he lost to his rival, Mallikarjun Kharge, by more than eight times votes.
- He won the 2024 Lok Sabha elections from the Thiruvananthapuram constituency in Kerala by 16,077 votes against the BJP candidate Rajeev Chandrasekhar.
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